Niti Shastra : Chapter Nine

1. My dear child, if you desire to be free from the cycle of birth and death, then

abandon the objects of sense gratification as poison. Drink instead the nectar

of forbearance, upright conduct, mercy, cleanliness and truth.

2. Those base men who speak of the secret faults of others destroy

themselves like serpents that stray onto anthills.

3. Perhaps nobody has advised Lord Brahma, the creator, to impart perfume

to gold; fruit to the sugarcane; flowers to the sandalwood tree; wealth to the

learned; and long life to the king

4. Nectar (amrita) is the best among medicines; eating good food is the best

of all types of material happiness; the eye is the chief among all organs; and

the head occupies the chief position among all parts of the body.

5. No messenger can travel about in the sky and no tidings come from there.

The voice of its inhabitants is never heard, nor can any contact be established

with them. Therefore the brahmana who predicts the eclipse of the sun and

moon, which occur in the sky, must be considered as a vidwan (man of great

learning).

6. The student, the servant, the traveller, the hungry person, the frightened

man, the treasury guard, and the steward: these seven ought to be awakened

if they fall asleep.

7. The serpent, the king, the tiger, the stinging wasp, the small child, the dog

owned by other people, and the fool: these seven ought not to be awakened

from sleep.

8. Of those who have studied the Vedas for material rewards, and those who

accept foodstuffs offered by shudras, what potency have they? They are just

like serpents without fangs.

9. He who neither rouses fear by his anger, nor confers a favour when he is

pleased can neither control nor protect. What can he do?

10. The serpent may, without being poisonous, raise high its hood, but the

show of terror is enough to frighten people -- whether he be venomous or not.

11. Wise men spend their mornings in discussing gambling, the afternoon

discussing the activities of women, and the night hearing about the activities

of theft. (The first item above refers to the gambling of King Yudhisthira, the

great devotee of Krsna. The second item refers to the glorious deeds of

mother Sita, the consort of Lord Ramachandra. The third item hints at the

adorable childhood pastimes of Sri Krsna who stole butter from the elderly

cowherd ladies of Gokula. Hence Chanakya Pandita advises wise persons to

spend the morning absorbed in Mahabharata, the afternoon studying

Ramayana, and the evening devotedly hearing the Srimad-Bhagvatam.)

12. By preparing a garland for a Deity with one's own hand; by grinding

sandal paste for the Lord with one's own hand; and by writing sacred texts

with one's own hand -- one becomes blessed with opulence equal to that of

Indra.

14. Poverty is set off by fortitude; shabby garments by keeping them clean;

bad food by warming it; and ugliness by good behaviour.